Prophylactic mastectomy has become a widely discussed topic after Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie decided to undergo this operation after learning about her high genetic risk of developing breast cancer.
Her case has made many women wonder whether it is worth taking such radical measures if there is only concern, but no diagnosis. Mammologist and oncologist Oksana Garashchenko told us how to act in such a situation and whether it is possible to solve this issue on your own without a doctor and medical tests, especially for the helsi_ua page.
What is prophylactic mastectomy
This is a surgical operation during which the glandular tissue of the breast is removed, which significantly reduces the risk of developing cancer. In most cases, the procedure involves further reconstruction of the breast using implants or the patient's own tissues.
Who may need this surgery
A mastectomy in the absence of cancer is usually considered for women who:
- have mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, which significantly increase the risk of breast cancer;
- have a family history of breast cancer (in the mother, grandmother or sisters);
- have undergone radiation therapy to the chest at a young age;
- suffer from some precancerous changes in the breasts.
Is it possible to have the surgery only because of fear
The doctor emphasizes that an unfounded decision to remove the breasts is not the right one. Without real medical indications and consultation with a specialist, you should not rush into such a radical step. If a woman is afraid of getting sick, she should first undergo an examination:
- genetic testing for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations;
- mammography or ultrasound of the breasts;
- consultation with a breast oncologist.
Are there other ways to reduce the risk?
If there are no confirmed mutations, there are less radical ways to reduce the risk:
- regular preventive examinations (annual mammography, ultrasound);
- a healthy lifestyle (proper nutrition, physical activity, giving up alcohol and smoking);
- hormone therapy as recommended by a doctor.
Prophylactic mastectomy is not a way to “calm down”, but a serious medical decision. It is recommended only for women with high genetic risks or other significant factors. If you are concerned about your health, it is better to consult a doctor, undergo all the necessary examinations and choose the best prevention option without hasty radical decisions.
